Part 1 Academic Vocabulary (15 points, 1 point for each)
Directions: Decide which of the words in the box below best complete the sentences if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Note that the words can be used ONCE ONLY. Then write the answer on the ANSWER SHEET.
A. perspective | B. constantly | C. approximately | D. adapt | E. status |
F. conception | G. expose | H. potential | I. encounter | J. consistent |
K. collapse | L. investigate | M. attributes | N. link | O. undergo |
1. Some people try not to _________________themselves to stressors, but it is almost impossible to avoid them totally.
2. Different people react differently when they __________a stressful situation.
3. A useful personality quality to have is the ability to __________ to new situations.
4. After her divorce, she went through a period of physical and mental ___________.
5. The __________between ultraviolet light and skin cancer is well known.
6. Parents should __________ watching their children for signs of depression.
7. I understand your viewpoint, but I have a different _______ on the subject.
8. At what age, do people in your country legally achieve adult ________.
9. Some people _________ a tremendous number of physical changes during their teen years.
10. __________ 50 percent of the population of India is under the age of 25.
11. What __________ are you looking for in the perfect partner?
12. Everyone has their own ___________ of what fidelity truly means.
13. Maybe Jessica likes Tony as a friend, but I don’t think she sees him as a ______ husband.
14. It is important to be _________ in a relationship. Nobody likes someone who is warm and friendly one moment and then cold and distant the next.
15. The researcher wants to ____________ whether people are attracted to people who are more or less the same height.
Part II Reading Comprehension (40 points)
Directions: In this section there are 3 passages followed by 15 multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and write it on the ANSWER SHEET.
Passage 1
Compared with the glamorous thrill of the presidential primary, state elections in New Hampshire do not grip the voter—all those unfamiliar names, way down at the end of the ballot. That, at least, is the current explanation of how Tom Alciere managed to get elected to the state legislature last November. After an uneventful campaign of hand-shaking and sign-waving, this Republican from Nashua, who had lost several previous bids for office, won a seat by 55 votes. Whereupon his constituents learned that he was an advocate of killing policemen.
Mr. Alciere had not tried to conceal this. He posted vigorous notes on Internet discussion boards; one, in October, declared that “nobody will ever be safe until the last cop is dead.” He often joined in radio talk shows, sometimes describing himself as “Angry Tom”. But in his election campaign Mr. Alciere was much mistier: he promised only to fight for individual freedom. He later said that he did not bring up his opinions about the police because nobody asked.
This has prompted some soul-searching among journalists, and others, who failed to spot Angry Tom behind Candidate Tom. Mr. Alciere blames the voters. In one Internet message, he called his constituents “a bunch of fat, stupid, ugly old ladies that watch soap operas, play bingo, read tabloids and don’t know the metric system.” These people, be it noted, are part of the New Hampshire electorate that is so often admired for its maverick charm, wielding much power in the choice of America’s presidents through its first-in-the-nation primary.
The point is that New Hampshire pays attention to presidential races, but considers its own state law makers pretty unimportant. As Ken Gidge, a radio talk show host, puts it, quite possibly “a dog-catcher in a particular community has more power.” New Hampshire’s legislature has 400 members who face re-election every two years and earn an annual salary of $100. The legislature is a “dinosaur with a tiny little brain”, a symbol of New Hampshire’s disdain for government, says Arnie Arnesen, a political science professor at Franklin Pierce College. She claims that, in the past, some of its members have been found to have mental problems. No doubt others held opinions as pungent as Mr. Alciere’s; but they did not have an Internet on which to publicize them.
At first, Mr. Alciere refused to leave his seat, insisting he was “not a nut”. Then he said that he would step down, if 11 law makers pledged to bring his pet bills to a roll-call vote. He wants to legalize drugs, ban involuntary commitments to mental institutions, and replace state schools with online education. On January 10th, a compromise was reached: another freshman Republican agreed to submit eight of his proposals, and Mr. Alciere resigned. Some think he should have been kept around—to remind voters that they sometimes get what they deserve.
16. Tom Alciere could have been elected to the state legislature because ______.
A) people were familiar with his name for his several attendance campaigns
B) he was a charming person and gave thrills to his people
C) he approved of killing policemen
D) he was always the last one on the ballot list
17. In the election campaign, Mr. Alciere ______.
A) declared that all the cops should be killed
B) showed his anger on radio talk shows
C) didn’t answer the questions about the police issue
D) only played tricks with his constituents
18. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A) Some New Hampshire electorate has a little prestige in government.
B) Journalists didn’t pay enough attention to Alciere’s hatred to police.
C) Tom blamed his voters just to draw people’s attention.
D) The “stupid, fat, ugly old ladies” are a little popular in society.
19. The legislature is a “dinosaur with a tiny little brain（Lines 4~5, Paragraph 4）”, which implies ______.
A) New Hampshire pays too much attention to presidential races
B) some of the legislature members have mental problems
C) some people want to be as pungent as Mr. Alciere
D) there is indifference of the people on its own state governing
20. Mr. Alciere at last ______.
A) refused to leave his seat
B) would never pay his pet bills
C) resigned with some compromises accepted by the legislature
D) was expelled from the position by the opposite leader
Passage 2
William Shakespeare described old age as “second childishness”—sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste. In the case of taste, he may, musically speaking, have been even more perceptive than he realized. A paper in Neurology by Giovanni Frisoni and his colleagues at the National Centre for Research and Care of Alzheimer’s Disease in Brescia, Italy, shows that one form of senile dementia can affect musical desires in ways that suggest a regression, if not to infancy, then at least to a patient’s teens.
Frontotemporal dementia is caused, as its name suggests, by damage to the front and sides of the brain. These regions are concerned with speech, and with such “higher” functions as abstract thinking and judgment. Frontotemporal damage therefore produces different symptoms from the loss of memory associated with Alzheimer’s disease, a more familiar dementia that affects the hippocampus and amygdala in the middle of the brain. Frontotemporal dementia is also rarer than Alzheimer’s. In the past five years the center in Brescia has treated some 1,500 Alzheimer’s patients; it has seen only 46 with frontotemporal dementia.
Two of those patients interested Dr Frisoni. One was a 68-year-old lawyer, the other a 73-year-old housewife. Both had undamaged memories, but displayed the sorts of defect associated with frontotemporal dementia—a diagnosis that was confirmed by brain scanning.
About two years after he was first diagnosed the lawyer, once a classical music lover who referred to pop music as “mere noise”, started listening to the Italian pop band “883”. As his command of language and his emotional attachments to friends and family deteriorated, he continued to listen to the band at full volume for many hours a day. The housewife had not even had the lawyer’s love of classical music, having never enjoyed music of any sort in the past. But about a year after her diagnosis, she became very interested in the songs that her 11-year-old granddaughter was listening to.
This kind of change in musical taste was not seen in any of the Alzheimer’s patients, and thus appears to be specific to those with frontotemporal dementia. And other studies have remarked on how frontotemporal-dementia patients sometimes gain new talents. Five sufferers who developed artistic abilities are known. And in another lapse of musical taste, one woman with the disease suddenly started composing and singing country and western songs.
Dr. Frisoni speculates that the illness is causing people to develop a new attitude towards novel experiences. Previous studies of novelty-seeking behavior suggest that it is managed by the brain’s right frontal lobe. A predominance of the right over the left frontal lobe, caused by damage to the latter, might thus lead to a quest for new experience. Alternatively, the damage may have affected some specific neural circuit that is needed to appreciate certain kinds of music. Whether that is a gain or a loss is a different matter. As Dr. Frisoni puts it in his article, “de gustibus non disputandum est.” Or, in plainer words, there is no accounting for taste.
21. Shakespeare described old age as “second childishness”（Line 1, Paragraph 1）, for they have the same ______.
A) favorite
B) memory
C) experience
D) sense
22. Which one is NOT a symptom of Frontotemporal dementia?
A) The loss of memory.
B) The loss of judgment.
C) The loss of abstract thinking.
D) The loss of speech.
23. From the two patients mentioned in the passage, it can be concluded that ______.
A) their command of language has deteriorated
B) their emotional attachments to friends and family are being lost
C) the Frontotemporal dementia can bring new gifts
D) Frontotemporal dementia can cause patients to change their musical tastes
24. The “novel” in the last paragraph means ______.
A) historical
B) special
C) story-like
D) strange
25. From the passage, it can be inferred that ______.
A) the damage of the left frontal lobe may affect some specific neural circuit
B) the lawyer patient has the left frontal lobe damaged
C) the damage of the left frontal lobe decreased the appreciation certain kinds of music
D) every patient has the same taste
Passage 3
Many private institutions of higher education around the country are in danger. Not all will be saved, and perhaps not all deserve to be saved. There are low-quality schools just as there are low-quality business. We have no obligation to save them simply because they exist.
But many thriving institutions that deserve to continue are threatened. They are doing a fine job educationally, but they are caught in a financial squeeze, with no way to reduce rising costs or increase revenues significantly. Raising tuition does not bring in more revenue, for each time tuition goes up, the enrollment goes down, or the amount that must be given away in student aid goes up. Schools are bad businesses, whether public or private, not usually because of mismanagement but because of the nature of the enterprise. They lose money on every customer, and they can go bankrupt either from too few students or too many students. Even a very good college is a very bad business.
It is such colleges, thriving but threatened, I worry about. Low enrollment is not their chief problem. Even with full enrollments, they may go under. Efforts to save them, and preferably to keep them private, are a national necessity. There is no basis for arguing that private schools are inherently better than public schools. Examples to the contrary abound. Anyone can name state universities and colleges that rank as the finest in the nation and the world. It is now inevitable that public institutions will be dominant, and therefore diversity is a national necessity. Diversity in the way we support schools to give us a healthy diversity in the form of education. In an imperfect society such as ours, uniformity of education throughout the nation could be dangerous. In an imperfect society, diversity is a positive good thing. Enthusiastic supporters of public higher education know the importance of sustaining private higher education.
26. According to the author’s opinion, schools are bad businesses because of _____________.
A. mismanagement
B. too few students
C. their characteristics
D. financial squeeze
27. The author used the phrase “go under” in Para. 3 to mean “_________”.
A. have low enrollment
B. get into difficulties
C. have little money
D. bring in more money
28. We can reasonably conclude from this passage that the author made an appeal to the public in order to support ______________.
A. public institution
B. private schools
C. uniformity of education
D. diversity of education
29. Which of the following is NOT mentioned about private schools?
A. High-quality private schools deserve to be saved.
B. Private schools are more profitable that public schools.
C. If the tuition of the private schools is raised, the enrollment goes down.
D. There are many cases to show that public schools are better than private schools.
30. Which of the following ways could possibly save private schools?
A. Raising tuition.
B. Full enrollment.
C. National awareness and support.
D. Reduction of rising costs.
Passage 4
In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child’s acquisition of each new skill-the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. Children might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone to much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.
Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters. Others are severe over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the control imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as child’s own happiness.
As regard the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality. Also, parents should realize that “example is better than precept”. If they are not sincere and od not practice what they preach, their children may grow confused and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extend fooled.
A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents’ principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.
31. Eagerly watching the child’s acquisition of new skill __________.
A. can be avoided
B. in universal among parents
C. sets up dangerous states of worry in the child
D. will make him lost interest in learning new things.
32. In the process of children’s learning new skills parents __________.
A. should encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they read
B. should not expect too much of them
C. should creative as many learning opportunities as possible
D. should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own.
33. The second paragraph mainly tells us that ___________.
A. parents should be strict with their children
B. parental restrictions vary, and are not always enforced for the benefit of the children alone.
C. parental controls reflect only the needs of the parents and the values of the community.
D. parental vary in their strictness towards their children according to the situation.
34. The word “precept” (Line 3, Para. 3) probably means “__________”.
A. Idea
B. punishment
C. behavior
D. instruction
35. In moral matters, parents should ____________.
A. be aware of the marked difference between adults and children
B. observe the rules themselves
C. forbid things which have no foundation in morality
D. consistently ensure the security of their children
Part III Translation (20 points, 2 points for each)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into Chinese. Please write the answers on the ANSWER SHEET.
36. In fact, women and men seem to experience love to a similar degree, and research continues to find great similarities between men’s and women’s conceptions of love.
37. Friendship is an interpersonal relationship between two independent persons that is mutually productive and characterized by mutual positive regard.
38. In many stressful situations, the body’s response can improve our performance – we become more energetic, more alert, and better able to take effective action.
39. The term stress has been defined in several different ways. In this discussion, we will refer to the environment stimuli or events as stressors and to the emotional and physical reactions as stress.
40. Some developmental psychologists have begun to argue recently that there is an in-between period when the individual is no longer an adolescent, but has also not yet taken on full adulthood status and independence.
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English. Please write the answers on the ANSWER SHEET.
41. 家长应该承担起照顾孩子的责任。（take on the obligations）
42. 青春期是从童年到成年的过渡时期。（adolescence; period of transition）
43. 高血压人群易患心脏病。（high blood pressure; be susceptible to）
44. 年轻人不想进入成年并安定下来。（settle down）
45. 研究发现男人比女人更重视浪漫。（place emphasis on …）
Part IV Writing (25 points)
Directions: Write an essay of 150-200 words on the topic of Will Classroom Teaching be Finally Replaced by Online Teaching.
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